Method of preparing surface coatings



Jan. 14, 1958 H. MARBERG I METHOD OF PREPARING SURFACE COATINGS I JulJada?" da) Filed May 19, 1951 (5 120% wzwnar METHOD OF PREPARING SURFACECOATINGS Edwin H. Marberg, Chicago, Ill., assignor, by mesneassignments, to National Chemical & Manufacturing Company, Chicago,111., a corporation of Illinois Application May 19, 1951, Serial No.227,139

3 Claims. (Cl. 141-1) The present invention relates to the preparationof paints, enamels, lacquers, varnishes, stains or other surfacecovering or coating and more particularly to a novel means and manner ofcombining or mixing the desired coloring or pigment with the liquid baseingredients by the purchaser or user.

The usual manner of purchasing paints or other surface coatings of thetype above referred to is for the prospective purchaser or user toselect the desired color or colors from a color chart and then topurchase the required quantity of such pre-mixed or ready-mixed paint orsurface coating from the stock of the retailer or dealer. But in orderfor the retailer or dealer to be able to supply such prospectivepurchaser with his requirements, necessitates that the retailer ordealer carry in stock each and every color of the charted surfacecoatings and in cans or containers ranging generally from pint or quartsize cans to those containing a gallon or more. In fact, with-respect tosome paints, enamels and other surface coatings,-these are frequentlycarried in stock in cans even smaller-than pint size.

As paint is now supplied in each of the primary colors as well as inmanymixtures or secondary colors, tints, shades, etc., the supplier orretailer of ready-mixed paints alone must maintain an exceptionallylarge inventory of stock on hand. The same is true of enamels andperhaps to a lesser degree with respect to varnishes, lacquers, stains,etc. Furthermore, to accommodate all such surface coatings in the manycolors in which they are produced, requires tremendous shelf and storagespace.

One of the important objects of the present invention is the provisionof a novel method of preparing and packaging the desired color orpigment to be added to the liquid base ingredients of a surface coatingor covering such as paint, enamel, lacquer, varnish, stain, etc., asWell as a novel method or manner of combining such color or pigment withthe base ingredients.

By reason of the present invention, the supplier, dealer or retailer ofpaints or other surface coatings generally supplied to the purchaser oruser in numerous colors and ready mixed, is now only required to stockthe base ingredients in cans or containers of the desired or requiredsizes, and when the purchaser or user orders a desired quantity of aselected surface coating or covering of a particular color, he issupplied with the required quantity of base ingredients devoid of coloror pigment preferably in cans or receptacles, and in addition theretowith separate small bags or envelopes each containing a prescribed ormeasured amount of the desired coloring or pigment to be added to eachcan of the base ingredients of a predetermined size.

For example, with respect to paint, the stocked basic ingredients whichwill be common for all colors might be designated as flat, gloss oregg-shell. As the supplier, dealer or retaileris not required to carryin stock large quantities of the cans or containers of difierent sizesof each color, shade or tint, his stock is very materially reduced andhis'fire hazard is greatly lessened. In the nited States Patent presentnovel embodiment, the dealer, retailer or purchaser when securing thedesired quantity of the selected base ingredients, receives therewiththe selected color or colors in small bags, envelopes or tube-likereceptacles, each containing an accurately measured quantity of thecolor and in a fluid or paste-like condition in which it can be mostreadily combined or mixed with the base ingredients to produce thedesired product.

In addition to the above mentioned highly important advantages resultingto the supplier of paints and other surface coatings, by thus combiningor mixing the color with the base ingredients in the can or containerand in the manner prescribed, a most intimate mixing and uniformity ofcoloring of the surface coating is assured.

Further objects, advantages "and capabilities will later more fullyappear and are inherently possessed by the present invention. 1

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a can or container of paint orother surface coating.

Fig. 2 is a view, part in side elevation and part. in vertical crosssection, of the can or container with the lid or cover thereof elevatedand showing one way of adding the color or pigment from theba'g orenvelope into the contents of the can.

Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of one form of bag or envelopecontaining and supplying the color or pigment to the base ingredients ofa paint or surface coating.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing another way or manner ofdischarging thecontents of the bag or envelope containing the color orpigment.

Fig. 5 is a perspective veiw of a multiple unit package from which theseparate color units are severed.

Referring more particularly to the disclosure in the drawing, theillustrative embodiment therein shown comprises a novel means and mannerof supplying the base ingredients of a paint or other surface coatingwith a selected color or pigment. In Figs. 1 and 2 there is shown a canor receptacle 1 containing the liquid base ingredients of a paint orother surface coating 2 but devoid of color, and a lid or closure 3 forthe can. This can and its lid or closure are of standard design adaptedto contain and seal the contents when the flange 4 of the lid is pressedinto the annular channel 5 at the upper, open end 6- of the can orcontainer.

The present invention comprehends a novel means and manner of adding apredetermined quantity of a desired color to the base ingredients of apaint, enamel, lacquer, varnish, stain or other surface coating. Asshown in Fig. 2, the can or receptacle 1 contains the base ingredients 2susceptible of being combined or mixed with and to which any selectedcolor or pigment 7 may be added. This color or pigment is packaged in abag or envelope 8 formed of any suitable impervious and moisture-proofmaterial which is preferably but not necessarily transparent. Whentransparent the particular color, tint or shade is visible through thebag or envelope, although the bag may be formed of an opaque ornon-transparent material suitable for the purpose. The color or pigment7 being in a liquid or fluid state, is readily added to and mixed withthe ingredients of the paint base 2 in the can or receptacle 1 upon thecontents of the bag or envelope being discharged into the liquid base.

Fig. 3 shows in more detail one embodiment of such a bag or envelope 8formed of an impervious moistureproof material capable of receiving andsealing therein a predetermined, accurately measured quantity of coloror pigment 7 in a paste or fluid state and readily miscible with theliquid base 2 in the can. This bag or envelope may be of any suitablecomposition capable of withstanding hard usage .and maintainingthecontents sealed enem ntil. the. color.v o1: pigment is to. be. removedand. mixed. with the ingredients in the can. Such a material orcomposition may be a web of flexible material such as regenerated.cellulose coated' or impregnated with a: suit-.- ahleresin,.wax orplastic. composition rendering thebag on envelopeimperviousxtoliquidsand plastic under heat. and pressure. Or thebag orenvelopemay be formed. of? Pliofilm or like materialthat istheremoplastic in character so that the ends-or edges thereof maybehermetically sealed. by heat and pressure, or-by anysuitable adhesive.

The bag or envelope 8 may be sealed at the. opposite ends 9 and 10 andalong. anied gell inwhich event the hag'may-be formed as a sheetthatisfolded; and sealed. about the contents along. the-thr'eeedges, i;e.- the opposite ends and along one side. Or, the bag orenvelope-v maybe made asacontinuous, collapsible tube which requires sealing at itsopposite ends only. The. bag, envelope or tube like receptacle so formedbut'with an. end' or edge open to receive the measured quantity-of:color or pigment,- is adapted to be filled by any measuring meanssuitable for the purpose.

One method of discharging the contents of thesealed bag. or envelope 8into the liquid base ingredients 2 in the can 1 is to remove the lid orcover 3 and then grasp the end 10 of this bag. or envelope 8 with thefingers-and hold the other or lower end'9 of the bag in a dependingposition over the contents in the can. The lower or depending end of thebag. or envelope is-then severed, slit or opened in any suitable mannerto allow for the discharge of the color or pigment 7 contained thereininto the contents of the can. Withthe end 10 still grasped by thefingers in the manner shown in Fig. 2 and the opened end of the bag orenvelope projecting into the contents of the can, the lid or cover3' isplaced upon or returned to the top or-open end of thecan with thedepending flange 4 of the lid held down upon the upper end 10 of the bagor envelope adjacent the portion thereof that is grasped by the fingers.

By holding the lid or cover in the position shown, it is a simple matterto completely. remove or strip the color or pigment 7 from the. interiorof the'bag or envelopes and discharge it into the interior of the liquidcontents 2 in the can 1, by merely pulling upon or withdrawing the bagor envelope outwardly from beneath the lid 3. As shown in Fig. 2, thecolor or pigment in paste or fluid state is discharged into the liquidcontents or base ingredients 2 in the can in such manner that thedispersion of the color or pigment throughout this liquid base and itsintimate mixing therewith to provide a paint or surface coating of adesired color or tint may be effectively accomplished by subsequentagitation of the color and base ingredients.

Although I prefer to employ the lid or cover to strip the color orpigment from the interior of the bag or envelope 3 into the contents of.the can 1, this may be accomplished by employing a clip or clamp member12 (see Fig. 4) adapted to span and tensionally grip the opposite sidesof the bag or envelope, whereby by grasping and holding the end 10. ofthe bag or envelope and moving this clip or clamp downwardly and awayfrom the end being grasped, the contents from the open end of the bag orenvelope are discharged into the liquid base in the can and mixedtherewith. Agitation of the resulting mixture causes an intimatedispersionv of the color throughout the contents of the can.

Fig. discloses a method and manner of packaging the colors or pigmentsin the form of a multiple unit envelope or container 13 in which eachunit 14 may be of a size adapted to supply the requisite amount ofcolorxor pigment for the contents of a specified size can or receptacle.For example, each unit 14 maybe a measured quantity of color or pigmentfor a,- quart sizecontainer of paint orother surface. coating,susceptible. of b'eing intimately mixedbyrthepurchaser or: user, In.

the event he use Pur hase a ha -9 0 t t i these units are required, orall four units if the purchase is of a gallon can of the baseingredients.

From the above description and the disclosure in the drawings, it willbe readily apparent that the present invention comprehends a novel,method, manner and means for supplying any desired color or pigment tothe base ingredients. of paints and other surface coatings such asenamels, varnishes, lacquers, stains, etc. Such reference-to baseingredients is meant all of the ingredients, with the exception of thecolor, that are commonly employed in the preparation of a surfacecoating.

Although the color maybe added by the purchaser or user, it iscontemplated that such addition will generally be made by the dealer orsupplier upon order or request of the purchaser, especially when suchdealer or supplier is equipped with power-actuated means for quicklyagitating ad thoroughly; mixing the color and base ingredients.

Having thusdisclosed the; invention, I claim:

1.,The method of producing-a paint or other surface. coating of apredetermined color by the admixture'of' a.

predetermined and measured quantity of pigment with a predetermined andmeasured quantity of non-pigmented base ingredients, which consists in:sppplying a predeter mined and measured quantity of these baseingredients in a container having an imperforate lid removable to secureaccess to the contents of the container, supplying a predetermined andmeasured quantity of-a selected pigment in. a. flexible andcompressiblev envelope sealed against leakage, removing the lid of thecontainer to secure access to the contents, slitting one-end of theenvelope, inserting the slitted end of the envelope into theopencontainer for introducing the pigment-from the envelope into the baseingredients in the container, placing the lid on the container in such amanner as to grip the opposite sidesof the envelope between theupperedge of the container, and the adjacent edge of the lid, strippingthe predetermined and measured quantity ofselected pigment from theenvelope by withdrawing the envelope over the edge of the container andbetween this edge and the edge of the lid held in contact with theenvelope and discharging the pigment into the base ingredients inv thecontainer and mixing the pigment with the base ingredients.

2. The method of preparing paints'and other surface coatings of adesired color by the admixture of a predetermined and measured quantityof coloring matter with a predetermined and measured quantity ofnon-pigmented base ingredients, which comprises providing sealedenvelopes each containing a predetermined and measured quantity of aselected coloring matter suflicient for coloring a predetermined andmeasured quantity of non-pigmented base ingredients of the surfacecoating, providing a predetermined and measured quantity of thenon-pigmented base ingredientsin a canhaving a lid removable to secureaccessto the base ingredients and provided with v an annular dependingflange adapted to be received in an annularchannel in the top of thecan, removing the lid of the can, selecting an envelope containing apredetermined and measured quantity of a selected coloring matter andplacing it over the open end of the can,- slitting the envelope prior tointroduction into the can to permit discharge ofthe coloring matterfromthe envelope, inserting the envelope into-the can with the slittedportion foremost andholding the envelope over the edge vof the can,placing the lid on the can in such a manner as to grip the envelopebetween the upper edge of the can and the depending annular flange ofthe lid, stripping the coloring matter from the interior of the envelopeinto the base ingredientsin they cant}! graspingandwithdrawing theenvelope over the edge of thecan and between this edgeand the depending.annular; flange: of thelid, and mixing thestripped. color with the baseingredients.

3; The method;ofi-preparing-paints and'other surface coatings of. apredetermined; color. byv theadmixture .of

a selected, predetermined and measured quantity of c0loring matter witha predetermined and measured quantity of non-pigmented base ingredients,comprising the steps of providing a container with a predetermined andmeasured quantity of the base ingredients for producing the desiredcolor in the surface coating, providing a selected, predetermined andmeasured quantity of coloring matter in a flexible, hermetically-sealedenvelope suflicient, when mixed with the predetermined and measuredquantity of base ingredients in the container, to produce the desiredcolor in the surface coating, opening an end of the envelope, removingthe lid from the container to secure access to the contained baseingredients, introducing the opened end of the envelope into said baseingredients, positioning the lid on the container in such manner as togrip the envelope between the upper edge of the container and theadjacent edge of the lid, grasping the other end of the envelope, andwithdrawing the References Cited in the file of this patent UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 2,037,989 Macklanburg Apr. 21, 1936 2,142,505 GammeterJan. 3, 1939 2,167,437 Hohl et a1. July 25, 1939 2,206,984 Vogt July 9,1940 2,383,230 Voke Aug. 21, 1945 2,430,995 Roos Nov. 18, 1947 2,528,530Machleder Nov. 7, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 112,641 Sweden Dec. 5, 1944

